2019-12-17 11:21:10, 修改于2019-12-17 11:33:02
The trilayer fabrication
The trilayer constructions were prepared on Si (a hundred) wafer which has a 4-nm Si3N4 buffer layer. The skinny movies of Co, pt, and Ni80Fe20 were being developed by e-beam evaporation at deposition prices of 0.05, 0.02, and 0.1 nm/s, respectively, inside of a high-vacuum deposition chamber (Angstrom Engineering Inc.). The bottom stress was 3 × 10?eight mbar. In advance of having the devices out of the chamber, they have been capped with 100-nm SiO2 as being a protective layer.
The Sagnac MOKE
Because a rotation in the airplane of polarization of linearly polarized light-weight might be equivalently explained like a stage change between two round polarizations of sunshine, an interferometry scheme continues to be used to measure the section shift with increased precision and steadiness than regular MOKE detection techniques. A linearly polarized coherent gentle supply centered at 1550 nm was initially break up into two orthogonal linear polarized beams of equal energy then transformed into right/left circular polarization by a quarter-wave plate (QWp) right before reflecting within the sample. The beams ended up permitted to go through the QWp at the time a lot more to transform again to a linear polarization before reaching a photodetector, the place an interference sample is noticed. The relative stage among the 2 beams was measured by a lock-in amplifier, as well as Kerr rotation angle was attained through the phase shift.
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The measurements have been carried out at space temperature working with a coplanar waveguide style. The MW excitation was created by an Agilent N5173B source with a frequency variety of nine KHz to twenty GHz. The samples had been put in in addition to the MW guidebook of the 250-μm-wide sign transmission line with radio frequency magnetic industry perpendicular to your dc magnetic subject. The insulation involving the NiFe layer and MW sign transmission was guaranteed by 100-nm SiO2. The FMR responses ended up attained by sweeping the dc magnetic area at each MW frequency. The MW electrical power was stored at 10 dBm throughout the measurements. The transmission signal was detected by a phase-sensitive procedure with modulation of a compact ac magnetic area (86 Hz, twenty Oe) recognized by a Helmholtz coil positioned concerning the poles of the dc magnet. The Gilbert damping factors were attained by averaging the outcomes from 3 distinctive samples along with the exact same pt thickness.
Brillouin mild scattering
The BLS measurements were carried out applying a Sandercock-type six-pass tandem Fabry-perot interferometer within a backscattering geometry. The p-polarized excitation beam of ~50-mW electricity was extracted from a single-mode solid-state laser that operated at a wavelength of 532 nm. The utilized dc magnetic industry was perpendicular into the incident airplane of sunshine, which corresponds to your Damon-Eschbach spin-wave configuration.
Inverse spin Hall impact
The MW frequency of 4 GHz was amplified working with an amplifier (range, three to 4 GHz) with a maximum output of ~100 mW. The samples with inverted trilayer constructions were being put on an MW tutorial transmission line. The insulation in between the Co and MW transmission was guaranteed by 100-nm SiO2. The ISHE voltage was generated inside a 7-nm pt overlayer and detected by a phase-sensitive approach, exactly where the MW was modulated by a square wave at seventeen kHz.
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Observation of remarkable points in magnonic parity-time symmetry gadgets
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Observation of exceptional points in magnonic parity-time symmetry gadgets
